E-Numbers Guide
European food additive codes (E100–E1599) categorized by function. Every E-number is backed by EFSA safety assessment before approval.
What is an E-number? E-numbers are codes for substances permitted to be used as food additives in the European Union and Switzerland. The "E" stands for Europe. Each code is assigned after scientific review by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Note: not all additives in our database have been assigned an E-number — many are FDA-listed substances without EU approval.
Colors
Food colorings added to restore or enhance color lost during processing, or to make food more visually appealing.
Preservatives
Substances that extend shelf life by preventing microbial growth, oxidation, and other forms of spoilage.
Antioxidants
Prevent rancidity and discoloration caused by oxidation. Many are natural compounds like Vitamin C (E300) and Vitamin E (E306).
Thickeners, Stabilizers & Emulsifiers
Modify texture, improve consistency, and help oil and water mix. Includes carrageenan, guar gum, lecithin, and pectin.
Acidity Regulators & Anti-caking
Control pH, prevent caking in powdered foods, and maintain proper acidity. Includes sodium bicarbonate and calcium phosphate.
Flavor Enhancers
Intensify or enhance the existing flavors of food without adding a flavor of their own. MSG (E621) is the most well-known.
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial substances used in food preservation. Largely discontinued in human food in many countries due to antibiotic resistance concerns.
Sweeteners, Glazing Agents & Misc
Includes artificial sweeteners (aspartame E951, saccharin E954), waxes for fruit glazing, and miscellaneous processing aids.
Additional Chemicals
Modified starches, solvents, enzymes, and other novel additives approved after the original E-number scheme was established.
Explore by safety or country
Not all additives have E-numbers. Browse our full database by safety rating or compare US vs EU approval status.