# Bryonia Root (bryonia Spp.)

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**Safety rating:** UNKNOWN
**CAS number:** 977000-49-9
**Category:** flavoring
**FDA GRAS:** no
**Adverse events (FDA AERS):** 0
**FDA recalls:** 0
**Last updated:** 2026-04-02

## Summary

Bryonia root is a plant-derived flavoring agent sourced from bryonia species plants. It is used in food manufacturing as a flavoring agent or adjuvant to impart taste characteristics to various food products.

## Regulatory status

| Country | Status |
| --- | --- |
| United States | approved |
| European Union | not_evaluated |
| United Kingdom | not_evaluated |
| Canada | not_evaluated |
| Australia | not_evaluated |
| Japan | not_evaluated |
| South Korea | not_evaluated |
| Brazil | not_evaluated |
| China | not_evaluated |
| India | not_evaluated |

## Detailed analysis

## What is Bryonia Root?

Bryonia root refers to the extract or preparation derived from plants of the bryonia genus (bryonia spp.), a group of climbing vines native to Europe and Asia. The material is used in the food industry primarily as a flavoring agent or flavor adjuvant. Bryonia species contain various organic compounds that contribute flavor profiles to food formulations. The CAS number 977000-49-9 is assigned to bryonia root preparations used in commercial applications.

## Common Uses

Bryonia root is employed as a flavoring agent in food manufacturing, typically in very small quantities to achieve desired taste effects. Like other plant-derived flavorings, it may be incorporated into beverages, confections, baked goods, and other processed foods where flavor enhancement is desired. The specific applications depend on the intensity and character of the flavor compounds present in the bryonia preparation. Due to its classification as a flavoring agent, it is used at levels intended solely for flavor contribution rather than nutritional benefit.

## Safety Assessment

According to available FDA records, there are no reported adverse events associated with bryonia root as a food additive, and no product recalls have been issued related to its use. The absence of documented safety incidents suggests that, at the levels used in food applications, bryonia root has not raised acute safety concerns in the United States food supply.

It should be noted that bryonia root does not currently hold GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) status with the FDA. GRAS status requires either a long history of safe use or substantial scientific evidence demonstrating safety. The lack of GRAS designation indicates that bryonia root has not undergone the formal FDA review process that would establish it as generally recognized as safe by qualified experts. This distinction is important: the absence of reported adverse events is different from formal safety approval.

## Regulatory Status

In the United States, bryonia root does not have FDA GRAS status. This means it cannot be used under the GRAS exemption and would require either formal FDA approval through a Food Additive Petition or must be used in compliance with other regulatory pathways if permitted. The regulatory status of bryonia root may vary in other jurisdictions, including Europe and other regions with their own food additive approval systems.

Manufacturers intending to use bryonia root as a food ingredient should verify current regulatory requirements in their intended markets, as these can change and may differ significantly between countries and regions. The absence of GRAS status does not necessarily indicate safety concerns but rather indicates that the formal regulatory recognition process has not been completed or approved.

## Key Studies

Limited published scientific literature is readily available regarding bryonia root's use specifically as a food flavoring agent. The lack of extensive peer-reviewed studies on food safety at typical use levels is consistent with its status as a minor or specialty ingredient. Most research on bryonia species has focused on traditional or ethnobotanical uses rather than food additive applications.

Further research and regulatory assessment would be needed to establish more comprehensive safety data. Manufacturers and regulatory bodies rely on historical use patterns, chemical composition analysis, and toxicological testing when evaluating such ingredients. Any entity seeking to establish GRAS status or obtain approval for bryonia root as a food additive would need to compile relevant safety data and submit it for formal review.

## Sources

- FDA Substances Added to Food (CFSAN)
- OpenFDA Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS)
- OpenFDA Food Recalls
- EFSA OpenFoodTox
- EU Food Additive Portal

## Citation

Additive Facts. "Bryonia Root (bryonia Spp.) — Safety, regulation, and evidence." https://additivefacts.com/additives/bryonia-root-bryonia-spp. Accessed 2026-05-12.